Printing Principles and Printing Classification

   Printing is the process of transferring graphic information from the original manuscript to the substrate through printing or other means. To achieve this process, it is necessary to have the original manuscript, printing, substrate, ink, and printing machinery. It is a comprehensive engineering and technical discipline that mainly studies the basic theories of printing science, printing graphic information processing, printing technology, various recording and plate making materials, printing materials, and their applicability.

   Basic knowledge of printing:

Firstly, the following is generally focused on color printing (offset printing). Firstly, it is important to know the number of specifications. Normal flat paper specifications can be divided into large and straight sizes, with a full sheet size of 119cm * 89cm (47 inches * 35 inches). Cutting into two pieces is called split, four pieces is called four pieces, eight pieces are called eight pieces (A3), and cutting into 16 pieces is called 16 pieces (A4). The full size of the positive paper sheet is 108cm * 78cm (43 inches * 31 inches), and it should be cut in two opposite directions, and so on. Usually, they need to stay. Let the machine bite the paper around 1cm and align it with the 0.5cm crosshair color matching on both sides, which can also be converted to square meters.

   Secondly, paper and printing: Paper is generally divided into offset paper, such as ordinary photocopy paper, writing paper, copperplate paper, matte paper, and 200g thick cards, such as copperplate cards, mainly used for photo albums and advertising color lists; White board paper, white cardboard, mainly used for cardboard boxes and packaging boxes; Carbon free copy paper, dry adhesive paper, sulfuric acid paper, special paper, cardboard box paper, core paper, cow paper, etc. The thickness of paper is usually in grams. Generally speaking, calculating 157g copper paper refers to the thickness of this copper paper being 157 grams per square meter. The larger the weight, the thicker the paper. The printing convention is to refer to 500 sheets of full paper as 1 liang of paper. Paper is priced in tons. The order quantity per ton of paper with different thicknesses varies. There is a table available for reference. The printing quality generally depends on accuracy, whether the printing dots are firm and clear, whether the layout paper is dirty or scratched, whether the trimming lines are printed, whether the text is broken, and whether the colors are uniform. If there are samples, they should be checked. The printing processing fee is usually calculated based on color orders, which means that one color in each order is called a 1-color order.

   Thirdly, the post-press processing technology includes laminating film, matte film, hot stamping, oil UV coating, folding, horse riding binding, locking and gluing, indentation die cutting, fine tile E corrugated, etc.

   Printing classification:

Firstly, (offset printing) commonly known as color printing, the pre coated photosensitive plate is dried using a film drying machine (PS) and then printed on paper using an offset printing machine. The general number of network cables is 175 lines/square inch, 175L/inch. Offset printing machines include monochrome machines, dual color machines, four color machines, five color machines, etc. The specifications include full power on, full power on, pair power on, four power on, eight power on, etc.

   Secondly, (gravure printing) generally refers to plastic printing or web printing, which prints a large number of packaging bags, cigarette labels, magazines, etc., mainly using electroengraving drum plates.

Thirdly, (silk printing) generally prints thicker patterns using materials such as cloth, plastic, paper, cardboard, etc. The printing plate mainly consists of mesh frame lines, usually ordinary 80-100 lines. Our lines, such as printing UV oil, frosting effect, and local UV polishing, are used.

   Fourth: (Flexible printing) Watermarks are printed by pasting film onto resin or rubber plates for photosensitive corrosion or engraving printing patterns. In addition, for hot metal embossing, the first step is to use negative film to corrode the metal plate.

   Fifth: (Offset screen cable and dot), generally 175 lines per inch, commonly used for copper paper album advertising printing, white board paper or thick paper should use 150 lines; Some high-end photo albums use 200 thread printing machines, which generally require a very flat surface. There is no problem with the movie, but the key is printing.